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This clearly written book exposes the underlying errors of a failing system while suggesting new ways to approach such a monumental problem as the increasing violence in America. It urges us to rethink the incarceration policy, especially as it intersects with race, social class, gender, morality, technology, the media, profiteering and legislated messages of prejudice, fear, and violence.
- Sales Rank: #4083626 in Books
- Brand: Brand: SAGE Publications, Inc
- Published on: 1999-11-12
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 7.50" h x 6.50" w x .25" l, .64 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 208 pages
- Used Book in Good Condition
Review
"Building Violence is a thought provoking record of America’s rapid incarceration in the decades of the 80’s and 90’s. It tells the story, through distinguished justice authorities, that incarceration alone does not work. Violence breeds violence, even in prisons. Every student of criminal justice needs to read this book of essays."
(James A. Gondles, Jr.)Most helpful customer reviews
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
One of the first, one of the best
By Paul Pommells
Building Violence was one of the first scholarly books to document the effects and address the cause of our country’s rush to incarcerate larger portions of our population since the 1980s. It addressed Mass Incarceration before it became a popular term.
Many of the book’s contributors are esteemed professionals in the correctional field, or long-time advocates for prison reform. They not only make excellent points, but also back up their articles with evidence and references. In particular, I highly recommend the thought provoking articles written by Colleen McLaughlin, Kenneth L. McGinnis, Juan Williams and Tony Whitehead.
Colleen McLaughlin is a professor at the Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University. She is credited with organizing a collaborative effort between criminal justice professionals and health professionals in Virginia. Professor McLaughlin makes a powerful point for accountability of the penal system. “When offenders recidivate, they frequently are blamed, yet ineffective or even detrimental prison programs are rarely considered.” Clearly, ineffective and detrimental prison programs should be held to account.
Her point unfortunately has been one which for too long law enforcement and tough-on-crime politicians have been slow to acknowledge and quick to overlook. In the face of record-high recidivism rates, they would rather continue to point to offenders who lack coping skills and insight into why their lives spiral out of control, and blame them for continuing to do what they’ve always done. That is the dynamic at the center of the prison system’s revolving door.
Professor McLaughlin’s article goes on to make some points which I have not read anywhere else. In her professional assessment, behavioral interventions have been developed and conducted by people who gave little thought to the potential damage their interventions could cause.
I believe the behavioral interventions she was referring to include the range of knee-jerk policy changes and punishments that have been characteristic of the prison boom and the philosophy that stiffer punishments alone would suffice to change people.
Professor McLaughlin’s article goes on to make several more insightful points; everyone should read the full article.
The second contributor that stood out to me was Kenneth L. McGinnis. Mr. McGinnis served as the director of the Michigan Department of Corrections from1991 to 1999. Prior to that he served as director of the Illinois Department of Corrections and as warden at three different Illinois prisons.
Mr. McGinnis’ article cites concrete examples of unsound policy changes in several states, including California. His analysis draws a distinction between changes based on well-thought-out correctional policy and “legislative edicts based on the new get-tough attitudes of many public officials.” Mr. McGinnis goes on to attribute the flawed legislative edits to one-sided political interest in the problem and lack of interest in the actual consequences of those politically convenient policies.
Politicians might take offense at Mr. McGinnis’ analysis of their interest, but none can attack his credentials. As a director of the Department of Corrections in two states and as a warden for many years, he no doubt met many politicians and held discussions with them. In reading his article, one gets the impression that he’s given us an insider’s look into how they really are. He says, “Public officials proposing tough measures often times neither understand nor are worried about the consequences.” At another point, he wrote, “Public officials often view the impact on the prison environment as secondary to their goal of providing a solution to a very complicated issue.”
His expert criticism may seem harsh, but he does not stand alone. He quotes Pat Keohene, president of the North American Association of Wardens and Superintendents: “ When it comes to managing prisons, no one has all the answers, but someone should have the courtesy to seek our opinions before they pass these laws.”
I commend Mr. McGinnis and Mr. Keohene for having the courage to enlighten citizens on under-reported aspects of the problem and for sharing their perspective.
A third perspective is represented in the article written by the respected political analyst Juan Williams. Mr. Williams is recognized throughout most of America for his insightful analytical mind, so it should come as no surprise that his article hit on many good points.
Williams warns readers of the need to watch out for the powerful political interest group formed by prison guards, which pressures politicians to increase budgets for building prisons and pass tough-on-crime legislation. He commented on the sweeping restriction of rights and privileges in prison, which was something Mr. McGinnis also addressed. Mr. Williams also looked at the conditions outside of prison, which make it easier for at-risk youth to identify with the prison image- namely, that youth are bombarded with images of themselves that equate being young and black with criminal images.
Few people would attempt to argue with M. Williams’ analysis. The images he is referring to include those irresponsible images found in many rap videos, urban teen magazines, television crime dramas, and explicit rap lyrics. I would also include the edgy comedy of comedians like Damon Wayans and Dave Chappelle and the tide of young black adults making fools of themselves on television shows like Steve Wilko’s.
We know at-risk youth have identity issues and we know that attention-grabbing images impress themselves deep within their minds when shown consistently, so Mr. Williams’ point should be taken; however hard it may be to do anything about it. At some point, we may gain the insight and courage to confront these huge problems and change things.
Tony Whitehead provides another insightful perspective. Dr. Whitehead is a respected professor at the University of Maryland, founder of the Cultural Systems Analysis Group, and author of two books. As a researcher, his expertise is in community assessment research and program evaluation. Dr. Whitehead is an expert who backs up each of his evaluations with research.
Drawing on research conducted by Marc Mauer for The Sentencing Project, Dr. Whitehead challenged the popular reasoning for using mass incarceration as a tool to deter crime. “There is growing awareness of the lack of proof that increased incarceration rates deter people, including previously incarcerated criminals, from committing more crimes.”
In fact, Dr. Whitehead found that policies for high incarceration did not necessarily deter at-risk youth from becoming criminals. Some of the evidence even suggested that high incarceration rates actually contributed to the formation of warped street cultures wherein at-risk inner-city males view incarceration as a rite of passage. This is a very serious unintended consequence that I have not heard anyone else address.
In conclusion, Building Violence is an excellent book. It brings together experts from a range of different fields so readers can benefit from diverse perspectives and analytical approaches. I pray this book makes it on the bestsellers list or at least into every college classroom, because within its pages is an excellent model for how we can take a multi-disciplinary approach to studying one of our society’s most expensive social problems. This book should be read by all who have an interest in social progress.
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